WETLAND RESOURCES INVESTIGATION IN URBAN PARKS BASED ON QUICKBIRD REMOTE SENSING IMAGE IN JINAN, CHINA     

FEI Xian-Yun ZHANG Zhi-Guo 《湿地科学》2006,4(4):264-267

1INTRODUCTIONThe definition of wetlands included in RamsarConvention is deliberately broad,encompassing"areas of marshes,fen,peatland or water,whethernatural or artificial,permanent or temporary,withwater that is flowing or static,fresh,brackish orsalty,i…  相似文献   

Simulation of Turbulent Flow in An Urban Forested Park Damaged by a Windstorm     

Sylvain Dupont  Yves Brunet 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2006,120(1):133-161

The damage caused by windstorms to forest ecosystems is often very heterogeneous. In order to improve the stability of forested landscapes, it is of great importance to identify the factors responsible for this spatial variability. The structure of the landscape itself may play a role, through possible influences of canopy heterogeneities on the development of turbulence. For the purpose of investigating the role of landscape fragmentation on turbulence development, we used a numerical flow model with a k–ε turbulence scheme model, previously validated in simple cases with well-defined surface changes (roughness change and forest edge flow). A series of two- and three-dimensional simulations were performed over a heterogeneous urban forested park in Europe, which was severely damaged in various places by the Lothar windstorm in December 1999. The model shows the development of a region of strong turbulence, resulting from the generation of large wind shear at the top of the canopy. A sensitivity study shows how the location, extension and intensity of the region depend on canopy characteristics such as the leaf density, the nature of the edge or the presence of gaps and clearings. Simulations performed in conditions representative of the windstorm show that the location of the damaged areas corresponds very closely to the regions where the turbulent kinetic energy was above a certain threshold.  相似文献   

On depletion of an exhausting natural resource     

Lester D. Taylor 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(3):225-232

This paper addresses some of the issues currently surrounding natural resource depletion in national income accounting and makes an argument that user costs associated with exhausting natural resources ought not be treated as costs of production and subtracted from net national product in order to arrive at a “net” net national product. Depletion charges should be reflected in income accounts only to the extent that they are actually taken, in which case they should be treated as saving, rather than as a cost. Purely notional disappearances of natural resources should be recorded in off-balance sheet accounts or satellite accounts, not income statements. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the WSSA conference in Albuquerque, NM in April 1997.  相似文献   

Merging remote-sensing images for geological-environmental mapping: application to the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park, Spain     

J. P. Rigol  M. Chica-Olmo 《Environmental Geology》1998,34(2-3):194-202

 The Cabo de Gata Níjar Natural Park in Spain presents certain unique characteristics which make it of great geological, ecological and environmental interest. As a prior step to the environmental study of the park and the impact produced by the mining activities carried out up until ten years ago, the mining and waste-tip areas were defined and a lithological discrimination carried out. For this purpose, various remote-sensing techniques were employed to create high-resolution image documents on which the geological and environmental mapping of the area would be based, with special attention being paid to the areas of former mining activity because of its implications for the local environment. The merging of remote-sensing images with different spatial/spectral resolutions has become a highly useful tool, due to their increasing availability. Such is the case of the SPOT panchromatic and Landsat Thematic Mapper multispectral images, which are two of the most commonly used images in geological and environmental studies based on remote sensing. Of the numerous techniques described for merging remote sensing image data, this paper analyses those based on Intensity-Hue-Saturation, Principal Component Analysis, Spherical Coordinates, High-Pass Filters and Colour Normalized transform, using SPOT panchromatic and Landsat TM data. The research goals were (1) to analyse and compare some of the most commonly used methods; (2) to select the most appropriate method for a detailed geological-environmental study, and (3) to apply the methodology to the Cabo de Gata-Níjar area, the site of one of the most distinctive natural parks in the country. Received: 29 November 1996 · Accepted: 29 July 1997  相似文献   

AN APPROACH ON SEVERAL PROBLEMS OF CHINA'S URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT     

《地理学报(英文版)》1996,(2)

I.ChinasNationalConditionsandUrbanizedmfficulhesUthamzation,accomParuedwithindustrialization,isthemigratingandconcefltratingprocessofaghculturalpoPuIationinruralareastonon-agriculturalpopulationincities.Itisalsoti1eindispensableroadtomodenhzationforeverycoLwtryandroponGenerally,therearethreetapesofurbanizationdevelopmentintheworldfThefirsttyPeisthaturbafuzationsynchronizeswithindustnalization.IndevelopedcoUnnes,industnalizationhaslastedlongenoughtoabsorbmostruralpopulationshiftingtocities…  相似文献   

长江三角洲高新技术扩散特征与发展对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李雁梅  吴殿廷  曾刚 《地域研究与开发》1999,18(3):25-28,37

高技术是全球范围内综合国力角逐的焦点,作为中国生产力的前沿沿阵地,长江三角洲正受其优越的区位,网络,综合发展要素驱动而成为我国重要的高技术策源地和发展地之一,文章从对该区高新技术扩散特及扩散模式的分析中,探寻未来高新技术发展的推进策略及发展前景。  相似文献   

国家高精度GPS网整体平差中的粗差分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

施闯  刘经南 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1999,(2)

分析了国家高精度ＧＰＳ网中的粗差观测量的特点,提出了采用相关分析的粗差探测理论,对国家高精度ＧＰＳ网的各子网和相邻子网进行粗差探测,并采用稳健估计的平差方法,消除粗差对平差结果的影响,大大提高了国家高精度ＧＰＳ网的整体平差精度。  相似文献   

国家基础地理信息数据库在西部地区县(市)挂图项目中的应用及技术分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王红  黄洁 《测绘科学》2003,28(4):40-41

西部地区县 (市 )挂图工程是以国家测绘局现有的基础地理信息数据库、高分辨率卫星影像数据及其他多种测绘资料为基础 ,采用基于地理信息系统的全数字计算机桌面制图新工艺 ,设计制作科学性强、艺术性高、制作精良的高技术地图产品 ,充分展现地图学理论、制作技术与我国经济发展的水平。本文以分析西部地区县 (市 )挂图项目中的国家基础地理信息数据库的应用范围及数据适宜性评价为基础 ,提出了数据库应用于地图制图的方案 ,总结了若干技术问题及方法。  相似文献   

The Hague as the disputed showcase of the Dutch State and Dutch national identity 1814–1917     

Esther M. Agricola 《GeoJournal》2000,51(1-2):47-56

The central question of this article is What does the urban and architectural design of The Hague tell us about the Dutch political and administrative ambitions in representing the state and national identity from 1814–1917? In this period many European capital cities grew fast, governmentas acquired new ambitions and new powers, and nationalism spread. Many governments developed impressive national building activities. In The Netherlands there was hardly any urge to emphasize the state power by transforming the urban landscape even in its governmental center The Hague. One reason is that the dominant liberal politics refrained from social and economic interventions. A second reason is that the various population groups had difficulty to agree on one national building style. Accompanied by a strong ideological discussion, the Dutch polity finally succeeded in producing a governmental architecture (from ca. 1880–1815) in the so-called Dutch Renaissance style. Although the different population groups (orthodox Protestants, Liberals, Catholics) could, each for their own reasons, accept this national style, its characteristics (picturesque, simple and small) lent itself poorly to public governmental commissions on a grand scale.  相似文献   

Exhibiting the New Mussolinian City: Memories of empire in the World Exhibition of Rome (EUR)     

Anna Notaro 《GeoJournal》2000,51(1-2):15-22

The aim of this paper is to show how fascist imperialist discourses were articulated in a new urban space, just on the outskirts of Rome, and how they affected its design, use and representation. This new city, which should have been the spatial expression of the regime's political, cultural and economical achievements, since its beginning was conceived almost as a mirror image of classical Rome. As her fascist alter-ego, it was imagined as the modern realisation of the ancient dream of reconnecting Rome to the Mediterranean, of bringing Rome to the sea and the sea to Rome, as Mussolini used to say. This was a city that had to represent a strong political desire and ended up as an image of mere representation, a city that was founded to contain a world exhibition and became in itself merely an exhibit. Here I am interested not only in the story the EUR (Esposizione Universale di Roma) buildings tell, but also in what they do, according to a performative view of cultural production. In other words, they are not simply new monuments to be added to Fascism's already powerful iconography, but an integral part of those processes of incorporation and rule at work in the construction of Italy's national/imperial identity.  相似文献